But the use of flyash in agriculture is limited compare to other sector. Soils, water and environmental sciences, volcani center, aro, p. Boral resources will harvest and make available for beneficial use approximately 2 million tons of highgrade class f pozzolan from a fly ash monofill in pennsylvania. Role of fly ash in the removal of organic pollutants from. Most fly ash is capable of meeting these specifications. Organic material such as fym or pfs or cr were applied in quantity to supply 30 kg n ha1. Mixing fly ash in soil can help farmers increase production of crops and vegetables at a time when fertilizer costs are soaring. Fly ash produced by coalfired boilers is commonly used as an agricultural soil amendmentfertilizer in parts of the usa. Although the fly ash may be characterized to ensure toxic constituent.
Fly ash generally contain various complex organic molecules, such as polychlorinated biphenyls pcb, polyaromatic hydrocarbons pah, polychlorinated dibenzofurans pcdfs polychlorinated dibenzopdioxins pcdds, monomethyl and dimethyl sulphate sahu et al. Ash has been considered a waste product instead of a resource, because few industries have taken advantage of its beneficial properties. Benefits and risks of the agricultural uses of coal fly ash. Chemically the composition of fly ash varies depending on the quality of coal used and the operating conditions of the. It constitutes nearly 70 percent of the total power generation, which in turn, produced 108 million tonne of fly ash per annum. Residual compressive strength and mass changes were determined periodically to quantify the degree of degradation caused by the organic acid exposure. Determination of volatile organic compounds in coal, fly.
Ash is basically a residue resulted from an incomplete combustion. Fly ash in agriculture approximately 260 million tonne of coal is consumed per annum by 82 utility thermal power plants tpps in india 200304. Fly ash has also been widely researched for applications in agriculture, namely as a soil amendment. Class c fly ash and other high lime fly ash have been found to be very effective drying agents, capable of reducing soil moisture content by 30 percent or more. Physically fly ash occurs as very fine particles, having an average diameter of 10 m m, low to medium bulk density, high surface area and very light texture. Leaching resistance of alkaliactivated slag and fly ash. Two aams, a ground granulated blastfurnace slag mortar and a class c fly ash based mortar, and two opc mortars were exposed to ph 32 and ph 40 acetic acid solutions for 90 d. Because different types of coal or other organic fuel may contain different constituents, it is import to discuss the applicability of a particular product with the source providers. Fly ash is a residue of burning of coal and lignite, the organic. An alternative gaining high interest, is their use in agriculture and for reclamation of degraded lands. C farm is a single window solution for all aspects of fly ash, including. Fly ash was very useful in building soil nutrition and it had no ill effects on crops, prof. Fly ash, a relatively abundant and inexpensive material, is currently being investigated as an adsorbent for the removal of various organic pollutants from wastewater. The availability of fly ash was about 260 million tonnes a year and it would be useful in.
Most of the fly ash produced in india is alkaline in nature. The properties of fly ash have shown promising potential for improving a number of soil characteristics, ultimately bolstering crop production efforts. The fly ash dries the soil by two basic mechanisms, chemical reactions that consume moisture in the soil and by simple dilution. Study on strength behavior of organic soil stabilized with. Our objective was to characterize the chemical and mineralogical composition of fly ash samples that are pertinent to the 2008 release of coal ash from a containment area at the tennessee valley authority tva. An amount of 68 mg of coal was placed in empty desorption tubes plugged 953 determination of volatile organic compounds in coal, fly ash and slag samples by direct thermal desorptiongcms g. Greenhouse studies were conducted to assess the potential of fly ashorganic waste codisposal to enhance crop production.
Environmental impacts of potentially toxic trace elements from coal fly ash are controlled in part by the mineralogy of the ash matrix and the chemical speciation of the trace elements. Best management practices for wood ash as agricultural. The purpose of this paper was to present very briefly the results of some case studies carried out in china and greece related to land reclamation and agricultural use of cfa and mss separately or. Utilization of coal fly ash and municipal sewage sludge in. Hello, i want to use fly ash to decrease the seepage rate in runoff control structures at a feed yard. The california department of food and agriculture imported encarsia sp. A growing fly ash scarcity while fly ash has functionally served as a natural pozzolan replacement for many decades now, times are changing. Tons of coal ash are recycled in soil, raising questions about a. Homemade organic compost prepared from lawn grass clippings was amended with fine fly ash collected from a coal. Fly ash is a byproduct of burning coal and so contains heavy metals and other hazardous waste. Use of fly ash in farming has no illeffects on crops.
When mixed with lime and water, fly ash forms a compound similar to portland cement. Fly ash or flue ash, also known as pulverised fuel ash in the united kingdom, is a coal combustion product that is composed of the particulates fine particles of burned fuel that are driven out of coalfired boilers together with the flue gases. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using fly ash. Seems like the ideal way to recycle hazardous waste that has historically created problems in water supplies. Now a days the highest craze of agriculture business in youth and with organic farming many new entrepreneur getting successes from agriculture business. In fact, flyash consists of practically all the elements present in soil except organic carbon and nitrogen 19. Although fly ash application in agriculture has many benefits, there are some disadvantages connected with this application for example heavy metals and radionuclides contamination of soils and surface waters, soil salinity. The micro and macro nutrients present in coal get generally concentrated in the ash. The increase of dry density compromises higher strength. Flyash has great potentiality in agriculture due to its efficacy in modification of soil health and crop performance.
Tons of fly ash are routinely added to soil to nourish vegetables, peanuts and other crops. The high concentration of elements k, na, zn, ca, mg and fe in flyash. The use of fly ash in agriculture is a craftlike practice, because it depends on several factors. Fly ash produced by coalfired boilers is commonly used as an. It is then dried and sintered to produce a product that will integrate seamlessly into the concrete production process. But compared to other sectors, the use of flyash in agriculture is limited. Similar to its application in agriculture, when used in concrete, fly ash is typically pelletized using tumble growth agglomeration methods. Use of fly ash with organic and mineral wastes will not only help in. The improved soils had remarkably higher nutrient concentrations, better texture, lesser bulk density, higher porosity and moisture content. The use of coal fly ash and organic matter mixtures is known to increase the efficiency of using n, p, and k fertilizers by 45.
The dry density of the fly ashsoil mixture increases significantly, while the water requirement reduces due to the addition of fly ash. Enhanced soil fertility, plant growth promotion and. International workshop on agricultural coal ash uses. Fly ash is a fine powder that is a byproduct of burning pulverized coal in electric generation power plants. Effect of fly ash, organic wastes and chemical fertilizers on yield, nutrient uptake, heavy metal content and residual fertility in a ricemustard. The fly ash was produced by a coalfueled generating station in the 1980s and 1990s, when the surplus was stored in a covered 30 acre site above natural grade. Fly ash is readly available at a local coal fired electri using fly ash to decrease seepage rate in pond soilgroundwater environmental engineering engtips. But now the spill has raised questions about whether this. Fertilizer costly, fly ash can work magic bhopal news times of india.
A material for another green revolution vimal kumar, gulab singh, rajendra rai abstract fly ash is a residue of burning of coal and lignite, the organic sources of energy. Fly ash should be sourced from incinerators using only organic material coal, prunings or untreated, nonpainted lumber to avoid contaminants like heavy metals. Fly ash used in psb mixtures does not have to meet the astm c618 10 requirements of fly ash that is used in portland cement concrete. It is found that fly ash significantly reduces the plasticity index of the organic soil, whereas the liquid and plastic limits increase. Fly ash has a potential in agriculture and related applications. Its generation in the country has increased from 40 mn tyr 1994 to. The high concentration of elements k, na, zn, ca, mg and fe in flyash increases the yield of many agricultural crops. The wastewater contains various types of phenolic compounds, such as chloro, nitro, amino, and other substituted compounds. Minimum compressive strength requirements when fly ash is blended with lime at 7 and 21 days are also recommended in astm c593. Use of fly ash in agriculture indian scenario vimal kumar c farm new delhi india by uri mingelgrin duration. The source and quality of fly ash needs to be matched with the soil or spoil being treated, the crop being grown as well as the local climate. This combination of highyielding production technology has helped the country develop a food surplus as well as contributing to concerns of soil health.
Fly ash a potential source of soil amendment and a. Crops across the country are grown in soil amended with coal fly ash the same substance that caused a massive environmental emergency in december when it gushed from a holding pond at a tennessee power plant. In the last few decades, various alternate energy sources have come into the limelight, but the hyperbolic use of coal as a prime energy source cannot be counterbalanced especially country like india where plenty of coal reserves are found. Land application is one of the best because nutrients taken from. Hence, highyielding varieties are being used with infusion of irrigation water, fertilizers, or pesticides. Using fly ash to decrease seepage rate in pond soil. What are the inorganic and the organic substances in ash. Several alternative uses for wood ash have been developed. Labels do not give specific information on exactly what aggregate is used in the manufacture of the block.
Fly ash is a general name used for the residual products of combustion that rise with flue gases. Fly ash has been shown to act as a liming material to neutralize soil acidity and provide plantavailable nutrients. Fly ash is also used as a component in the production of flowable fill also called controlled low strength material, or clsm, which is used as selfleveling, selfcompact backfill material in lieu of compacted earth or granular fill. Uses, benefits, and drawbacks of fly ash in construction. Keywords sewage sludge soil amendment inductively couple plasma optical emission spectroscopy coal fire power plant greenhouse study. Tons of fly ash are routinely added to soil to nourish vegetables, peanuts and other crops, primarily in the midwest and southeast.
Coal fly ash cfa and municipal sewage sludge mss management is a great concern worldwide. In the post independence period, the most important challenge in india has been to produce enough food for the growing population. It is expected that use of flyash instead of lime in agriculture can reduce net co2. However, there was a need for its use in agriculture and forestry by educating farmers about the uses of fly ash. Adding fly ash prevents hydration of lime which increases its strength and makes concrete less porous, makes finishes smooth, and eases concrete pours. Chapter 7 fly ash in soil improvement fly ash facts. Fly ash is a pozzolan, a substance containing aluminous and siliceous material that forms cement in the presence of water. Although the fly ash may be characterized to ensure. However the advantages and disadvantages of using fly ash in concrete are. Use of fly ash is environmentally friendly as the waste materials from industries are effectively being used to create quality building materials.
1320 1375 964 846 471 1459 1277 775 1394 738 220 1495 14 1563 1593 846 1385 1414 1169 77 46 1144 123 309 1331 1121 1008 154 943 208 944